A year has passed since the peace agreement between the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda was brokered by former United States President Donald Trump. The deal, aimed at de-escalating tensions fueled by the M23 rebellion, was seen as a major diplomatic breakthrough. Yet, the ground reality tells a more complex story.
In Goma, the provincial capital of North Kivu, M23 fighters remain a visible presence. The city fell to the armed group in February 2026, a development that shook the region and tested the resilience of the peace accord. One year after the signing, the key question is whether the agreement has delivered on its promise of stability or merely shifted the conflict dynamics.
Our assessment examines the progress made in implementing the terms, the role of regional actors, and the daily lives of citizens caught in the crossfire. While some diplomatic channels have opened, the security situation on the ground remains precarious. The path to lasting peace appears as challenging as ever.
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